Advanced Search

Journal Navigation

Journal Home

Subscriptions

Archive

Contact Us

Table of Contents

Click here for more information

Click here for more information on The Virtual Advisor

Sign In to gain access to subscriptions and/or personal tools.
Biological Research For Nursing
This Article
Right arrow Full Text (PDF)
Right arrow References
Right arrow Alert me when this article is cited
Right arrow Alert me if a correction is posted
Right arrow Citation Map
Services
Right arrow Email this article to a friend
Right arrow Similar articles in this journal
Right arrow Similar articles in PubMed
Right arrow Alert me to new issues of the journal
Right arrow Add to Saved Citations
Right arrow Download to citation manager
Right arrowRequest Permissions
Right arrow Request Reprints
Right arrow Add to My Marked Citations
Citing Articles
Right arrow Citing Articles via Google Scholar
Right arrow Citing Articles via Scopus
Google Scholar
Right arrow Articles by Griffis, C. A.
Right arrow Articles by Doering, L.
Right arrow Search for Related Content
PubMed
Right arrow PubMed Citation
Right arrow Articles by Griffis, C. A.
Right arrow Articles by Doering, L.
Right arrowPubmed/NCBI databases
*Substance via MeSH
Medline Plus Health Information
*Pain
*Stress
Social Bookmarking
Add to CiteULike   Add to Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us   Add to Digg   Add to Reddit   Add to Technorati  
What's this?

The Effect of Pain on Leukocyte Cellular Adhesion Molecules

Charles A. Griffis, CRNA, PhD

Department of Anesthesiology at University of California, Los Angeles, cgriffis55{at}comcast.net

Peggy Compton, RN, PhD

School of Nursing at University of California, Los Angeles

Lynn Doering, RN, DNSc, FAAN

School of Nursing at University of California, Los Angeles

The psychophysiological phenomenon of pain is of tremendous concern to nurses because of its potential to adversely affect the mental, emotional, and physical health of patients. Increasingly appreciated is the ability of pain to influence immune variables including enumerative and functional measures of leukocyte subsets. In this review, a theoretical model of the role of pain in producing positive changes in the expression of leukocyte cellular adhesion molecules is developed. The model is based on a conceptualization of pain as a perturbing influence on the complex web of neuroendocrine-immune relationships that regulate leukocyte migration. Findings from multiple lines of research are reviewed, including the neurophysiology and psychophysiology of pain, neuroendocrine and proinflammatory cytokine responses to painful stress, animal models linking pain to proinflammatory central immune activation, and pain-specific neurogenic inflammation. Relevant findings are synthesized to develop the physiological pathways from the perspective that pain may alter the balance of this multidirectional system in a proinflammatory direction. Clinical implications and suggestions for further research in the area of painful stress-related inflammation are offered.

Key Words: pain • cellular adhesion molecules • inflammatory response • proinflammatory cytokines

Biological Research For Nursing, Vol. 7, No. 4, 297-312 (2006)
DOI: 10.1177/1099800405286071
Add to CiteULike CiteULike   Add to Connotea Connotea   Add to Del.icio.us Del.icio.us   Add to Digg Digg   Add to Reddit Reddit   Add to Technorati Technorati    What's this?